maim: implies the loss or injury of a limb or member usually by violence: a swimmer ~ed by a shark.  （injure伤害受伤是基础词，表示任何施加伤害的行为implies the inflicting of anything detrimental to one's looks, comfort, health, or success，如an accident that injured him physically and emotionally那次事故对他造成了身体上的伤害和心理的伤害。在2017-08-15 伤害injure-mar组中，damage主要针对用处价值usefulness and value，如damage a table，impair针对身体健康完整completeness and efficiency by deterioration or diminution，如smoking will impair one's health，见20170815） limb肢体，指腿或胳膊refers to a leg or arm。member也是肢体，特别是胳膊或腿a part of the body, especially an arm or a leg，member较委婉。   这个词可以这么记， maim有2个m，解释中的两个关键词limb和member也各有m。和下词cripple区别  


cripple: implies the loss or severe impairment of an arm or a leg: the fall ~d her for life.


mutilate: implies the cutting off or removal of an essential part of a person or thing thereby impairing its completeness, beauty, or function: a poignant drama ~ by inept acting.


batter: implies a pounding with series of blows that bruises deeply, deforms, or mutilates: a ship ~ed by fierce storms at sea.  (pound连续重击to hit something hard many times，如the seeds were pounded to a fine powder子粒被捣成了细粉，如someone was pounding at the door有人在砰砰地敲门，如she pounded him with her fists她用拳头一个劲地擂他)   


mangle: implies a tearing or crushing that leaves deep extensive wounds or lacerations: thousands are ~ every year by auto accidents.  bruise瘀伤purple mark紫色的一块皮肤 laceration撕伤割伤


maim伤残: 指损失或损伤肢体，因暴力，cripple残疾: 指损失损坏胳膊大腿，mutilate使残缺残废: 指砍去移除重要部分，使不再完整美观功能完善，batter猛击: 指连续重击，致瘀伤畸形残缺，mangle撕伤轧伤: 由于撕扯或压碾，导致严重伤口撕伤割伤


记忆方法: 1）首字母MCMBM中CB想成残暴MMM想成三人<==伤残

         2）伤残的意思是严重损害造成持久损伤mean to injure so severely as to cause lasting damage.